Ob Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws Ntawm Titanium Thiab Titanium Alloys

Titanium thiab titanium alloys muaj ob yam zoo heev: muaj zog tshwj xeeb thiab zoo heev corrosion kuj, uas yog vim li cas titanium alloys nyiam nyob rau hauv kev lag luam aerospace, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, kev kho mob engineering, thiab leisure industries.

Lub zog tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm siab kub:

Cov hlau sib txawv hauv qhov ntom ntom. Lithium muaj qhov ceev qis tshaj plaws ntawm 0.5g/cm-3, thaum osmium thiab iridium muaj qhov ceev tshaj plaws ntawm 22.5g/cm-3. Qhov ceev ntawm 5g / cm -3 yog qhov sib faib nruab nrab ntawm lub teeb hlau thiab cov hlau hnyav, yog li titanium nrog qhov ceev ntawm 4.51g / cm -3 yog lub teeb hlau hnyav tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias titanium yog ob npaug li tuab li txhuas (ib lub teeb hlau raug), nws tsuas yog ib nrab li tuab li hlau lossis npib tsib xee (Fig. 1.1).

Tsuas yog qis dua 300 degree, lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm carbon fiber-reinforced plastics yog siab dua li ntawm titanium alloys (Daim duab 1.2). Thaum kub siab dua, lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm titanium alloys yog qhov zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev pabcuam siab tshaj plaws ntawm titanium yog txwv los ntawm nws cov khoom oxidizing. Txij li thaum titanium-aluminium tebchaw tuaj yeem kov yeej qhov tsis txaus no, lawv tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho alloy. Cov tsoos kub-kub titanium alloys tsuas yog siv tau ntawm qhov kub me ntsis siab dua 500 degree, thaum titanium-aluminium-raws li alloys ncaj qha piv rau cov hlau tsim kub kub thiab nickel-based superalloys (Daim duab 1.2).

Corrosion kuj:

Titanium thiab titanium alloys muaj corrosion kuj zoo. Ntxiv rau qee qhov piv txwv uas tau sau tseg hauv cov lus hauv qab no, nws tseem ceeb heev kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm titanium oxide zaj duab xis ntawm titanium nto thiab tsis raug puas tsuaj los xyuas kom meej nws zoo corrosion kuj; ib zaug cov oxide zaj duab xis puas lawm, tsawg kawg yog muaj lub sijhawm los kho. Yog li ntawd, titanium thiab titanium alloys muaj lub sij hawm ntev corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv oxidizing atmospheres, thiab muaj ib tug me me ntawm oxygen thiab dej yog txaus los tsim ib tug tiv thaiv oxide zaj duab xis.

Kev txhim kho corrosion ntawm titanium tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev ntxiv cov hlau tsis muaj zog (feem ntau palladium thiab ruthenium), npib tsib xee, thiab molybdenum, lossis los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion hauv lub tshuab. Extensive corrosion databases muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm corrosion ntawm cov alloys tshwj xeeb hauv xov xwm sib txawv.

Titanium yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo heev hauv kev siv ntug hiav txwv / sab nrauv. Rau cov laj thawj ntawm kev siv tshuab, thev naus laus zis, thiab kev xeb, cov txheej txheem tshiab offshore platforms muaj ntau txhiab meters ntawm titanium alloy kis tau tus mob thiab muab cov kav dej.