Txias tawg, ib qho tshwm sim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv vuam, tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide high-carbon steel, medium-carbon steel, low-alloy steel, thiab medium-alloy steel. Qee zaum, cov hlau xws li ultra-high-strength steel, titanium, thiab titanium alloys kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau txias tawg hauv qhov sib koom ua ke. Kev nkag siab txog yam uas ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab kev txo qis yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm vuam zoo.
Peb lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov hauv cov hlau vuam uas muaj zog: steel lub hardenability, hydrogen cov ntsiab lus thiab kev faib tawm hauv qhov sib koom ua ke, thiab lub xeev kev ntxhov siab uas tau ntsib los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke. Cov yam ntxwv no muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab txhawb kev tsim cov kab nrib pleb txias. Lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen, ua ke nrog kev tsim cov qauv martensitic thaum lub sij hawm vuam, thiab cov tensile kev nyuaj siab ua rau kev sib koom ua ke, pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob khaub thuas. Cov kab nrib pleb no feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv transgranularly los yog raws li cov ciam teb ntawm grain thiab manifest as weld toe cracks, under-bead cracks, or root cracks.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm qhov txias, ib qho kev qhia dav dav uas suav nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov hlau hauv paus, xaiv cov khoom siv vuam, thiab kev siv cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog yog qhov tseem ceeb. Xav txog cov tswv yim tiv thaiv thiab txo qis hauv qab no:
01
Base Hlau Composition
Xaiv cov khoom siv nrog qis carbon sib npaug, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem txo qis hardenability thiab tsis tshua muaj cua txias.
02
Cov khoom siv vuam
Xaiv cov electrodes uas tsis tshua muaj hydrogen thiab phim lub zog ntawm cov hlau muab tub lim rau lub hauv paus hlau. Rau cov ntaub ntawv uas cuam tshuam rau qhov txias txias, xav txog kev siv austenitic muab tub lim hlau.
03
Tswj Vuam Parameters
Kev tswj kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, preheating, thiab kev kho cua sov tom qab vuam yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kho cov vuam tsis sib xws kom txo qis qhov cua txias thiab xyuas kom maj mam ua kom khov, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov txias txias.
04
Kev ntxhov siab
Siv cov txheej txheem kev ntxhov siab, xws li kev kho cua sov tom qab vuam lossis peening, txhawm rau txo cov kev ntxhov siab seem thiab txo qhov muaj peev xwm ua kom txias txias.
Txias tawg ua ib qho kev sib tw tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm vuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv high-strength steel. Kev nkag siab txog cov laj thawj hauv qab thiab siv cov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm vuam zoo. Los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub hauv paus hlau muaj pes tsawg leeg, xaiv cov khoom siv vuam tsim nyog, tswj cov vuam tsis zoo, thiab siv cov txheej txheem kev ntxhov siab, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov txias txias tuaj yeem txo qis. Ua kom muaj kev qhia dav dav rau cov txheej txheem vuam cultivates zoo welds, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib tsoo txias thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov khoom siv welded.
