Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj molten carbonate roj hlwb, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm 800 txog 1000 degree. Nyob rau hauv hom roj cell no, lub electromotive quab yuam yog los ntawm cov pa sib txawv ib feem ntawm ob sab ntawm tes. Tus neeg ntawm tes muaj ob lub electrodes (cov roj electrode raws li qhov tsis zoo electrode thiab oxidant electrode raws li qhov zoo electrode) thiab ib qho electrolyte. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm anode thiab cathode yog ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab muab txoj hauv kev sib txawv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv gases thiab cov khoom siv roj.
Cov khoom electrolyte cais cov pa roj ntawm ob sab. Vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pa oxygen ib feem ntawm ob sab, ib qho tshuaj muaj peev xwm gradient ntawm oxygen yog generated. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm gradient, oxygen ions uas tau txais electrons ntawm cathode txav mus rau lub anode los ntawm cov khoom electrolyte. Ntawm qhov anode, electrons raug tso tawm, tsim kom muaj qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm ob tus ncej.
Khoom Oxide Roj Cells (SOFCs) yog touted raws li lub thib peb tiam ntawm roj hlwb, nrog ib tug khoom, uas tsis yog-porous hlau oxide raws li cov electrolyte, los ntawm uas oxygen ions shuttle nyob rau hauv lub siv lead ua mus thauj ions. Lub tshuab tam sim no tau mus txog theem paub tab. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj cov khoom siv tsawg tsawg uas muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab lawv cov nqi siab, muaj kev hloov pauv mus rau kev loj hlob ntawm nruab nrab-kub roj hlwb.
Txoj Cai
Thaum Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) ua haujlwm nrog cov roj hloov pauv (kev sib xyaw ntawm hydrogen thiab CO) ua cov roj, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no tshwm sim hauv cov roj cell:
Ntawm cathode, oxygen molecules nce electrons thiab raug txo kom oxygen ions, piv txwv li,
O2+4e−→2O2−
Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab kev sib zog ua kom muaj zog ntawm ob sab ntawm electrolyte membrane, oxygen ions, los ntawm cov pa oxygen vacancies nyob rau hauv cov electrolyte membrane, undergo hloov mus rau sab anode thiab koom nyob rau hauv oxidation tshua nrog cov roj, piv txwv li,
H2+O2-→H2O+2e-
CO + O2-→ CO2+2e-
Zuag qhia tag nrho Reaction:
H2+CO + O2→ CO2+H2O
kev sib xyaw
Txhawm rau kom ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, ib qho SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) pawg yuav tsum suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
(1) Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov cathode thiab anode. Ntawm cov khoom siv electrolyte, yttria-stabilized zirconia yog qhov tsim tau zoo tshaj plaws.
(2) Ib tug roj reformer. Cov cuab yeej no suav nrog cov catalyst, cov cab kuj, thiab lub thawv. Nws hloov cov roj mus rau hauv me me gaseous molecules, xws li methane, thiab yog positioned nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej kawg ntawm lub cell pawg los pauv cov cua sov generated thaum lub sij hawm roj cell ua hauj lwm.
(3) Gas thiab roj thauj channel (los yog gas distributors). Cov hlau feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws diffusion thiab thauj cov reactants.
(4) Cov khoom siv tam sim no, tseem hu ua txhuam hluav taws xob, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo.
(5) Sensors. Ntau yam khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm siv tau los saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, tam sim no, hom sib xyaw, thiab cov zis hluav taws xob ntawm tes.
(6) Thermal control devices, xws li insulating layers, coolers, heat exchangers, and ventilation systems.
(7) Hlau lossis iav-ceramic vaj tsev. Cov ntaub ntawv siv tau ntawm chav tsev kub, xws li stainless hlau 304, yog ua haujlwm. High-temperature-resistant cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau rau sab hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub SOFC, ua lag luam hlau alloys haum rau txo nqi tsim.
Yam ntxwv
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) yog hom roj cell zoo tshaj plaws, tsis tsuas yog muaj kev ua haujlwm siab thiab ib puag ncig zoo ntawm lwm cov roj hlwb tab sis kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb hauv qab no:
(1) SOFCs muaj cov qauv ua tiav, tshem tawm cov teeb meem corrosion thiab teeb meem electrolyte poob cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov kua electrolytes, muab lub peev xwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntev.
(2) Kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub ntawm 800 thiab 1000 degree, SOFCs tsis tsuas yog tshem tawm qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv hlau muaj txiaj ntsig xwb tab sis kuj tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha siv cov nkev, syngas, thiab hydrocarbons ua roj, simplifying lub roj cell system.
(3) SOFCs tso tawm qhov kub-kub khib nyiab, uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov roj turbines lossis chav turbines, txhim kho tag nrho lub zog tsim hluav taws xob.
